EU VAT Calculator
Enter a price, pick the buyer's country, and get the correct tax amount and invoice total instantly. Covers all 27 EU member states with 2025 rates - no spreadsheet, no surprises.
Buyer's country
Amount
Transaction type
Selling to a consumer - standard VAT rules apply.
Rate type
Standard rate applies to most goods and services.
Invoice line
EU VAT Rates by Country 2025
Standard, reduced, and super-reduced VAT rates for all 27 EU member states as of January 2025. Slovakia raised its standard rate from 20% to 23% at the start of 2025.
| Country | Standard | Reduced | Super-reduced |
|---|
VAT rates and reverse charge rules
How VAT applies in different countries
VAT (Value Added Tax) is collected at each stage of production and sales. Each EU country sets its own standard rate - ranging from 17% (Luxembourg) to 27% (Hungary) as of 2025. Most countries also offer reduced rates (typically 5-12%) for essentials like food, books, children's goods, and medicines. When you sell to a consumer in another EU country, you must charge VAT at the buyer's country rate, not your own. This is called the destination principle.
B2B reverse charge mechanism
For business-to-business (B2B) transactions within the EU, the reverse charge shifts VAT accounting to the buyer. You issue a zero-rated invoice and write "Reverse charge applies" on it. The buyer then self-accounts for VAT in their own country at their local rate. This only applies if your customer has a valid VAT number and the invoice clearly states their VAT ID. Without a VAT number, you charge standard VAT rates as if it were a consumer sale.
FAQ
Do I need to charge VAT if I sell to someone outside the EU?
No. Exports to non-EU countries are zero-rated. You don't collect VAT, and the buyer's country may collect import duty instead. Always get proof of export (shipping documents, customs declarations) to support your zero-rated claim in your tax records.
What's the One Stop Shop (OSS) and do I need to register?
The OSS is a single registration that lets EU/non-EU sellers report VAT for all 27 member states in one place instead of registering separately in each country. Registration is mandatory once you exceed the €10,000 threshold in B2C sales to any single EU country in a calendar year. Use this calculator to estimate your VAT liability first.
Why does my VAT bill vary month to month?
VAT is the difference between VAT you collected from customers and VAT you paid on business expenses (inputs). If you have few expenses, your bill is high. If you have significant business costs, they offset your VAT liability. Keep all receipts and invoices for at least 7 years.
How EU VAT works for online sellers
If you sell goods or digital services to customers in EU member states, you must charge VAT at the rate that applies in the buyer's country - not your own. This is the destination principle, mandatory since the EU OSS (One Stop Shop) rules took effect in July 2021.
B2C vs B2B: For consumer (B2C) sales, you charge VAT at the buyer's country rate and remit it via the EU OSS portal or your local tax authority. For sales to VAT-registered businesses (B2B), the reverse charge mechanism applies - you issue a zero-VAT invoice and the buyer self-accounts for VAT in their own country. Always quote the buyer's VAT number on B2B invoices.
Reduced and super-reduced rates: Most EU countries have at least one reduced rate for essential goods such as food, books, and medicine. France, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, and Spain also apply a super-reduced rate (below 5%) for specific categories like newspapers or pharmaceuticals. Denmark is the only EU country with no reduced rate.
WooCommerce and Shopify stores: Use this calculator to look up the correct rate before configuring your tax zones. Finland's standard rate is 25.5% (not 25%), and Slovakia raised its rate from 20% to 23% in January 2025 - check the table below for the latest figures for every country.